Questions >> Forming questions

Structures of questions
If there is an auxiliary (helping) verb (be, have, can, will, etc.) we put it before the subject (he, she, I, etc.)	Is anybody in the office? Have you ever visited London? What time Will they be here?
If there is no auxiliary (helping) verb, we put do, does or did before the subject.	Do you know my older brother? Did he come in time?
We put wh- words (when, where, why, who, how, etc.) at the beginning of the question.	How long have you been waiting for me? Where is their office? Which colour do you like best?
We don't use do, does or did when we use what, which, who or whose as the subject.	What happened to you? Who told you about it?

Questions - common mistakes
Common mistakes	Correct version	Why?
What meant you by saying that?	What did you mean by saying that?	If there is no auxiliary (helping) verb, we put do, does or did before the subject.
You like this film?	Do you like this film?
Where you are going this afternoon?	Where are you going this afternoon?	We put an auxiliary verb before the subject.
You did read the letter?	Did you read the letter?
Who did give you the information?	Who gave you the information?	We don't use do, does or did when we use what, which, who or whose as the subject.
Does he knows your sister?	Does he know your sister?	When there is an auxiliary verb, the main verb is in the infinitive form.
Where will she studies?	Where will she study?
Can you tell me where can I buy a good camera?	Can you tell me where I can buy a good camera?	Word order in indirect question is the same as in a normal sentence: SUBJECT + VERB +...

 

Questions >> Forming indirect questions

Structures of indirect questions
Word order in indirect question is the same as in a normal sentence: SUBJECT + VERB + ...
Direct question	Indirect question
Where can I buy ink for the printer?	Can you tell me where I can buy ink for the printer?
Why do you want to work for our company?	He asked me why I wanted to work for their company.
What is the number of the last invoice?	I am calling to ask you what the number of the last invoice is.
How much did it cost?	Do you know how much it cost?
How did it happen?	Did she tell you how it happened?

Conjunctions

Conjunctions连词

- Used to join words, phrases or sentences. It avoid unnecessary repetition when joining two sentences to

  become one sentence.

- 用来连接词、短语或句子的词。在将两个单句连接成一个复句时必免不必要的重复。

and 和；与；及	- Used to join two equal things or ideas together. 连接两个相等的事物或概念。 ●Carmen can sing and dance. ●Ali and Ahmad are good friends.
but 但是；可是	- Used to join two contrasting/ opposing things or ideas together.   连接两个对比的事物或概念；然而；除了。 ●Ali is hardworking but Ahmad is lazy. ●He was tired but happy.
or 或者；不然	- Used to join two possible choices. 连接两个可能的选择。 ●Do you prefer tea or coffee? ●I must hurry or I will be late for school.
because 因为；由于	- Express reason. 表示理由。 ●He went to the doctor because he was sick.
as	- When; while; because. 当；因为。 ●I met my teacher as I was going to playground. ●They lost their way as it was dark.
since 既然；自从	- From the time that; because. 从那时起到现在；自……以后；即然；因为 ●I have not been to his house since last year.
if 如果；要是	- On the condition that. 假使；如果 ●If you work hard, you will do well in your test. ●Please wash your hands if they are dirty.
when 当；每逢	- If; at the time that. 如果；虽然；每逢；在那时……就 ●He waved his hand when he saw his friend. ●I was sleeping when the telephone rang.
so 因此；所以	- With the result that; there for. 因此；所以 ●He was tired so he went to sleep.
although 虽然；尽管	-  In spite of the fact that; even if. 虽然；尽管；纵使 ●Although they are not rich, they still donate to poor peoples.
though 虽然；尽管	- In spite of the fact that; even if. 虽然；既使；纵然 ●The naughty boy played outside through he knew he will be punished.
even though 纵使；尽管	- In spite of the fact that; even if. 虽然；既使；纵然 ● He did not give up even through he fail for many times.