Adverbs

Adverbs副词

- Describes (tell more about) or modifies a verb, an adjectives or another adverb (tell more).

- Use to answer questions (When?, Where?, Why?, How?, How many/much?)

- 用来形容、描述或修饰动词、形容词或另外一个副词 (加以形容) 。

- 用来回答有关几时？、哪里？、为什么？、怎样？和多少？的问题。

He      drove      very      carefully.                             √              √               √                 √         Subject    Verb       Adverb       Adverb           主语        动词          副词            副词 ‘He’ is the pronoun that used as the subject of this sentence. ‘He’ 是用来做句子中主词的代词。 ‘drove’ is verb that shows the action done by the subject. ‘drove’ 是用来说明主词做的事物的动词。 ‘carefully’ is the adverb that modifies the verb ‘drove’. ‘carefully’ 是用来修饰动词的副词。                    (How did he drive?)                                                        (他驾得怎样？) ‘very’ is the adverb that modifies the adverb ‘carefully’. ‘very’ 是修饰副词‘carefully’ 的副词。          (How carefully?)                                                              (小心到什么程度？)

Forming of Adverbs副词组成的方法

- Most adverbs are formed by adding –ly to adjectives.                                    (careful – carefully)

- 大多数的副词是在形容词尾加 –ly 构成的。

- If an adjective ends in –y, change –y to –i before adding –ly.                         (happy – happily)

- 如果形容词以–y结尾，将–y换成–i在加上–ly构成副词。

- If an adjective ends in –le remove e and adding –y.                                        (simple – simply)

- 如果形容词以–le结尾，将e删掉再加–y构成副词。

- Some adverbs have the same spelling as their corresponding adjectives.        (fast – fast)

- 有些副词和形容词有一样的拼音，不必换。

Types of Adverbs副词的种类

Adverbs of Manner表示方式的副词

- Adverbs of manner are usually formed by adding –ly to adjective.

- 表示方式的副词通常是以形容词尾加 –ly 构成的。

- Used to describe the way something happen or done. (to answer the question -How?)

- 用来描述动作或事情发生或完成的方式。(用来回答有关-怎样？的问题。)

●The girl sang sweetly. (How did the girl sing?)

●The team played very well. (‘good’ is an adjective, ‘well’ is an adverb.)

                                             (‘good’是个形容词而不是副词，‘well’是个形容词也是副词。)

answered angrily           生气地 did badly                       差劲地 danced beautifully        优美地 cried bitterly                伤心地 fought bravely              勇敢地 write briefly                 简单地 shone brightly               光亮地 busily engaged               忙碌地 watched carefully         小心地 did her work carelessly粗心地 sold cheaply                  便宜地 doing it correctly          正确地 watched curiously         好奇地 get along easily             容易地 barking fiercely            凶猛地 spoke fluently               流利地 understand fully           完全地

spoke gently                 温柔地 dancing gracefully        优雅地 greedily eating              贪心地 playing happily              高兴地 hardly walk                   几乎不走 raining heavily               (雨)大 walked hurriedly           匆忙地 ate hungrily                   饥饿地 came immediately          马上 shouted joyfully            欢喜地 speaking kindly              和善地 lively dance                   轻快地 hit lightly                      轻轻地 screamed loudly            大声地 wrote neatly                  整齐地 newly married couple     刚；最近 playing noisily                吵闹地

asked politely                有礼貌地 behaved proudly   得意地；骄傲地 run quickly                     快速地 sat quietly                     静静地 replied rudely                没礼貌地 crying sadly                   伤心地 crept silently                 静静地 writing slowly                 慢慢地 running smoothly            平稳地 speaking softly               小声地 sleeping soundly             好好地睡 appeared suddenly         突然间 singing sweetly               甜美地 packed tidily                  整齐地 laughed wickedly            有恶意地

Adverbs of Place表示地点的副词

- Used to say where or in what direction something happens. (to answer the question -Where?)

- 用来说明动作或事情在什么地方或方向发生。(用来回答有关-哪里？的问题)

  ●He parked his car there. (Where did he park his car?)

- Adverb of place is usually put after the verb.

- 表示地点的副词通常放在动词之后。

●They played there.

- If there is a direct object in the sentence, adverb of place is usually used after the direct object.

- 如果句子之中有直接宾词，副词就放在直接宾词之后。   

●I put the cup here.

Adverbs of Time表示时间的副词

- Used to say the time or when something happens. (to answer the question -When?)

- 用来说明动作或事情在什么时候发生。(用来回答有关-几时？的问题。)

- Adverb of time is usually placed at the end of a sentence.

- 表示时间的副词通常放在句子之后。

●My father will comeback soon. (When will father comeback?)

- But to emphasize the time, adverb of time is placed at the beginning of a sentence.           

- 不过如果要强调某段时间，就把表示时间的副词放在句子之前。

●Today we will go to zoo. (When will you go to school?)

Adverbs of Frequency表示次数的副词

- Used to show frequency or how often something happens. (to answer the question –How often?)

- 用来说明动作或事情发生的次数。(用来回答有关-多久一次？的问题。)

- Adverb of frequency is usually placed before the verb.

- 表示次数的副词通常放在动词之前。

●Ali never goes to zoo. (How often Ali goes to zoo?)

- But an adverb of frequency is placed after the verb to be.

- 不过表示次数的副词放在动词to be之后。

●He is always late for work. (‘is’ is verb to be)

Adverbs of Frequency表示次数的副词
never          未曾；从未；不曾 seldom        不常；少有；难得 sometimes  有时	usually        通常；常常 often          经常；时常 always         时常

Adverbs of Degree表示程度的副词

- Used to describe the degree/intensity of an action. (to answer the question –What degree?)

- 用来说明动作或事情进行到什么程度。(用来回答有关-到什么程度？的问题。)

- Adverb of degree is usually placed before an adjective or an adverb.

- 表示程度的副词通常放在形容词或副词之前。

- If there are several adverbs in a sentence, the normal word order is:

- 如果句子中有多个副词，通常必须照着这样的次序用：

Subject + verb (+ object)	Degree	Manner	Place	Time
It rained The children are playing	very quite	heavily happily	here in the class	yesterday. just now.