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Saturday, April 6, 2013

Pronouns


Pronouns 代名词
- Words that are use to take the place of nouns. Avoid repeating the same noun in a sentence.
- 代词是用来代替名词的词。代词主要用来是避免重复使用同一个名词。

Personal Pronouns人称代名词
- Words that are use to take the place of nouns.
- 人称代名词是用来代替名词 (人或动物) 的词。
- There are two forms of personal pronouns - subject and object.
-有两种人称代名词 - 主格代词和宾格代词。

a) Subject Pronoun主格代词
   - Use as the subject in a sentence. 用作主语。用作宾语。                   ● I have a pen.
   - Used before a verb. 用在动词前面。用在介词或动词后面。
   - Used at the beginning of a sentence. 用在句子的开头。用在句子中(不可用在句子的开头)

单数
复数
第一人称
I      
We我们
第二人称
You  
You你们
第三人称
He    
She  
It     

They他们
   -
 
  b) Object Pronoun宾格代词
   - Use as the object in a sentence. 用作宾语。                                      ● He gave me a pen.
   - Used after prepositions or verbs. 用在介词或动词后面。
   - Used at the middle or end of a sentence. 用在句子中或后面(不可用在句子的开头)

单数
复数
第一人称
me    
us我们
第二人称
you    
you你们
第三人称
him    
her    
it       

them他们
   -

*Possessive Adjectives 所有格形容词
- Used before nouns to show possession. Show a particular thing belongs to someone or something.
- 用于名词前,表示拥有权 (物主) 的形容词。说明某样东西属于某人或某物。
- This is my pen.

单数
复数
第一人称
my         我的
our      我们的
第二人称
your      你的
your    你们的
第三人称
his         他的
her        她的
its         它的

their   他们的
-
Possessive Pronouns 所有格代名词
- Used at the end of a sentence to show possession or ownership.
- 表示拥有权 (物主) 的代名词。用于句末 (句子最后一个字)
- Used to answer question that begin with ‘Whose’.
- 用来回答以 “Whose” (谁的) 开头的问题。
- Whose pen is that? It is mine.

单数
复数
第一人称
mine      我的
ours      我们的
第二人称
yours     你的
yours    你们的
第三人称
his         他的
hers      她的
its         它的

theirs   他们的
-

Reflexive Pronouns 反身代名词
- Used to show an action done by doer (without help from others) affect the doer himself. The subject and the object in the sentence are the same.
- 用来表示动作进行或发生 (无他人的协助) 影响进行动作的人本身。句中的主语和宾语是同一个人
- I made myself a cup of coffee.

Subject Pronoun主格代词
Reflexive Pronouns 反身代名词
单数
I                      
you                  
he                    
she                  
it                     
myself                        我自己
yourself                     你自己
himself                      他自己
herself                      她自己
itself                         它自己
复数
we                    我们
you                   你们
they                 他们
ourselves                   我们自己
yourselves                 你们自己
themselves                他们自己



Relative Pronouns 关系代名词
- Refers to the nouns directly in front of it, used to join two sentences together.
- 用来代替它前面的名词或代名词,以连接两个句子。
a) Who – refers to ‘he/she’.
            ●Ali is the boy who saved the girl.
            ●My aunt who works in Kuala Lumpur is very rich.

b) Whose – refers to ‘his/her’.
                ●We know the lady whose daughter is a clerk.
                ●That is the man whose son is a doctor.

c) Whom – refers to ‘he/she’, used with to, from, for, with.
               ●The boy whom you talked to is my cousin.
               ●The girl whom comes from Ipoh is my cousin.

d) Which – refers to ‘it’ (animal, place or thing).
               ●The car which David bought last month was stolen.
               ●This is the bicycle which Lily lent me.

e) That – refers to ‘that, this, those, these’ (people, animal, place or thing).
            ●This is the watch that I bought last week.
            ●Ahmad is the boy that I saw yesterday.


Demonstrative Pronouns 指示代名词
- Used to show thing or people.
- 用来某个东西或人的代名词。

a) This - used to show a close thing or people. 用来指一个靠近的人或东西。
        - used with countable and uncountable nouns. 用在可数和不可数名词。
            ●This is a pen.
            ●This is my brother.
           
b) These – plural form of ‘this’. ‘This 的复数。
    这些    - used to show a group of thing or people that close to us. 用来指多个靠近的人或东西。
              - used with countable nouns only (plural nouns). 只用在可数名词(复数的词)
              ●These are pencils.
              ●These are my friends.

c) That - used to show a far thing or people. 用来指一个较远的人或东西。
        - used with countable and uncountable nouns. 用在可数和不可数名词。
            ●That is a bird.
            ●That man is my uncle.

d) Those – plural form of ‘that’. ‘That 的复数。
    那些    - used to show a group of thing or people that far to us. 用来指多个较远的人或东西。
              - used with countable nouns only (plural nouns). 只用在可数名词(复数的词)
              ●Those are aeroplanes.
              ●Those are basketball players.

Summary
Personal Pronouns人称代名词
Possessive Adjectives所有格形容词
Possessive Pronouns所有格代名词
Reflexive Pronouns反身代名词
Subjective主格
Objective宾格
I      
You  
He    
She  
It     
We    我们
You   你们
They他们
me    
you   
him   
her   
it      
us      我们
you    你们
them他们
my         我的
your      你的
his         他的
her        她的
its         它的
our        我们的
your      你们的
their     他们的
mine      我的
yours     你的
his         他的
hers      她的
its         它的
ours      我们的
yours    你们的
theirs   他们的
myself         我自己
yourself       你自己
himself        他自己
herself        她自己
itself           它自己ourselves    我们自己
yourselves  你们自己
themselves 他们自己
Way To Use.
He
She
has


a book.



It belongs to
him.
her.
me.
you.
us.
them.
I
You
We
They

have




It is
his
her
my
your
our
their


book.





It is

his.
hers.
mine.
yours.
ours.
theirs.

He
She
I
You
We
They


bought the book for

himself.
herself.
myself.
yourself.
ourselves.
themselves.








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